英语动名词和现在分词用法区别动词现在分词英语

现在分词也是英语的重要组成部分，它具有双重性、动词特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语。让我们告诉你关于英语动词的现在分词用法.的事情，让我们看看吧！
英语动词的现在分词用法：
一、现在分词一般式的用法
现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与主语动作同时发生：
When we arrived, we found him sleeping. 我们到达时发现他在睡觉。
Living in the suburbs, we have few visitors. 因为住在郊外，我们没什么访客。
【注】有时现在分词所表示的动作也可略早于或迟于谓语动作，但两者之间没有时间间隔：
Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave a note. 发现没人在家，他决定留个字条。
He went home, finding the door locked. 他回到家，发现门是锁着的。
当现在分词所表示的动作略迟于谓语动作时，现在分词通常位于句末。

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二、现在分词被动式的用法
当要表示一个被动动作时，现在分词就用被动形式。现在分词的一般式和完成式均有被动式形式：
(1) 现在分词一般式的被动式。主要表示现在正在进行的动作，也可表示与谓语动作同时发生的动作：
Who is the woman being operated on? 正在动手术的女人是谁?
I saw him being taken away by the police. 我看见他被警察带走。
【注】有时现在分词一般式的被动式所表示的动作也可发生在谓语动作之前(此时的现在分词通常用于表示原因，且多为状态动词)：
Not having a car, he finds it difficult to get around. 由于没车，她感到行动很困难。
(2) 现在分词完成式的被动式。主要表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成的动作：
The subject having been opened，he had to go on with it. 话题已经开始了，他不得不谈下去。
Having been written in haste, the book has many mistakes. 这书因写得仓促，所以错误不少。
比较：
Being so ill, she can’t go to school. 由于病得那么严重，她不能去上学。
Having been ill for a long time, he needed time to recover. 由于病了很长时间，他需要一段恢复的时间。
三、现在分词的否定式
分词的否定式总是将否定词not置于分词之前，遇上现在分词的完成式、被动式以及完成被动式，否定词应置于整个结构之前：
Not being able to understand English, he didn’t know what they wanted. 由于他不懂英语，他不知道他们要什么。
Not having finished his work，he could not leave the office. 由于工作没干完他不能离开办公室。
现在分词的被动式及用法：
【英语动名词和现在分词用法区别动词现在分词英语】当要表示一个被动动作时，现在分词就用被动形式。现在分词的一般式和完成式均有被动式形式：现在分词一般式的被动式。主要表示现在正在进行的动作，也可表示与谓语动作同时发生的动作;现在分词完成式的被动式则主要表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成的动作。如：
We saw her being taken to the operating room. 我们看见她被送到手术室。
Having been neglected for years, the house collapsed. 这所房子因年久失修而倒塌了。
注：有时现在分词一般式的被动式所表示的动作也可发生在谓语动作之前，但此时的现在分词通常用于表示原因，且多为状态动词。如：
Not having enough hands, they couldn't finish the work in time. 由于人手不足，他们不能及时完成工作。
现在分词完成式用法两大语法特点：
特点一：发生在谓语动作之前
现在分词的完成式所表示的动词，从时间上看，它总是表示所发生的动作在谓语动作之前。如：
Having bought the house, they couldn’t afford to furnish it. 买了房子之后，他们没钱配家具。
Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. 在找好旅馆之后，我们就去找吃饭的地方。
Having increased our manufacturing facilities, we are advertising to obtain more users. 增加了生产设备以后，我们做广告争取更多的用户。
Having been his own boss for such a long time, he found it hard to accept orders from another. 自己当老板已经这么久了，他觉得难以听从别人的差遣。
Having compared the new dictionary with [to, and] the old one, he found the new one more helpful. 将新旧词典比较之后，他发现新词典更有用。
Having noted down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed us. 那警察把我们的姓名和地址记下之后就让我们走了。

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特点二：通常不用作后置定语
在通常情况下，现在分词的完成式主要用作状语，而不用作定语;若语义上有此需要，可以考虑改成定语从句。如：
丢失钱的人是吉姆。
误：Jim is the man having lost his money.
正：Jim is the man who has lost his money.
我们抓到了偷钱的人
误：We caught the person having stolen the money
正：We caught the person who had stolen the money
现在分词作表语与进行时态的用法比较：
一、现在分词作表语
现在分词作表语主要用于说明主语的性质或特征。如：
Time is pressing. 时间很紧迫。
My memory is shocking. 我的记忆力糟糕透了。
The news is quite amazing. 这消息十分惊人。
She is amusing to be with. 和她在一起很有意思。
It was astonishing to hear him say so. 听他那样说，让人感到惊讶。
I think his lecture is boring. 我认为他的讲演令人厌烦。
One of our aircraft is missing. 我们的一架飞机失踪了。
His repeated absence (from school) is worrying. 他一再缺课使人担忧。
I think his lecture is boring. 我认为他的讲演令人厌烦。
Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比滑冰更刺激。
I hope you will always remain so charming. 我希望你会永远保持这样有魅力。
The instructions on the box are very confusing. 盒子上的使用说明含混不清。
It was depressing to find the house empty. 发现屋里没人，令人心里很郁闷。
It is frightening even to think of the horrors of nuclear war. 核战争的恐怖状况连想都不敢想。
二、动词的进行时态
动词的进行时态表示动作正在进行。如：
The car engine is idling. 汽车引擎在空转。
A crane is flying above the lake. 一只鹤在湖上飞旋。
He is having radium treatment. 他在接受镭放射治疗。
The baby is sucking its thumb. 这婴儿在吸吮拇指。
The dog is barking at the stranger. 狗正对着陌生人叫。
The government is trying to keep prices down. 政府正在设法降低物价。
He is making an experiment and designing to test the new drug. 他正进行试验，打算试验这种新药。
The boy is looking at him in astonishment and says nothing. 这男孩惊奇地望着他，什么也没说。
She left her baby in the room and now it is crying. 她把婴儿放在房间里，那婴儿正在哭。

英语动名词和现在分词用法区别 动词现在分词 英语

英语动名词和现在分词用法区别动词现在分词英语