蛋白|癌细胞竟学会“下毒”了！科学家首次发现黑色素瘤细胞分泌阿尔茨海默病“毒蛋白”，让星形胶质细胞促癌转移，并抑制小胶质细胞的吞噬功能( 三 ) 肿瘤|团队|阿尔茨海默病|星形

▲ 抑制Aβ的产生或分泌显著减少黑色素瘤脑转移
总的来说，这项研究成果首次发现Aβ可以帮助黑色素瘤进行脑转移，将黑色素瘤的脑转移与阿尔茨海默病联系在一起，并且提示Aβ可能会是一个有希望的肿瘤治疗靶点。
过去的几十年中，科学家已经开发出众多清除Aβ的药物，它们可以有效地清除大脑中的Aβ ，虽然在阻止阿尔茨海默病疾病进展中失败，但是未来它们可能在肿瘤治疗这一新战场发挥作用。

文章图片

参考文献：
2. Patel JK, Didolkar MS, Pickren JW, Moore RH. Metastatic pattern of malignant melanoma. A study of 216 autopsy cases. Am J Surg 1978;135(6):807-10 doi 10.1016/0002-9610(78)90171-x.
3. de la Monte SM, Moore GW, Hutchins GM. Patterned distribution of metastases from malignant melanoma in humans. Cancer Res 1983;43(7):3427-33.
4. Davies MA, Saiag P, Robert C, Grob JJ, Flaherty KT, Arance A, et al. Dabrafenib plus trametinib in patients with BRAF(V600)-mutant melanoma brain metastases (COMBI-MB): a multicentre, multicohort, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 2017;18(7):863-73 doi 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30429-1.
6. Long GV, Atkinson V, Lo S, Sandhu S, Guminski AD, Brown MP, et al. Combination nivolumab and ipilimumab or nivolumab alone in melanoma brain metastases: a multicentre randomised phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol 2018;19(5):672-81 doi 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30139-6.
7. Zhang D, Wang Z, Shang D, Yu J, Yuan S. Incidence and prognosis of brain metastases in cutaneous melanoma patients: a population-based study. Melanoma Res 2019;29(1):77-84 doi 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000538.
9. Schwartz H, Blacher E, Amer M, Livneh N, Abramovitz L, Klein A, et al. Incipient Melanoma Brain Metastases Instigate Astrogliosis and Neuroinflammation.Cancer Res 2016;76(15):4359-71 doi 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-0485.
10. Allaman I, Gavillet M, Belanger M, Laroche T, Viertl D, Lashuel HA, et al. Amyloid-beta aggregates cause alterations of astrocytic metabolic phenotype: impact on neuronal viability. J Neurosci 2010;30(9):3326-38 doi 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5098-09.2010.
11. Ye B, Shen H, Zhang J, Zhu YG, Ransom BR, Chen XC, et al. Dual pathways mediate beta-amyloid stimulated glutathione release from astrocytes. Glia 2015;63(12):2208-19 doi 10.1002/glia.22886.
12. Lian H, Litvinchuk A, Chiang AC, Aithmitti N, Jankowsky JL, Zheng H. Astrocyte Microglia Cross Talk through Complement Activation Modulates Amyloid Pathology in Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease. J Neurosci 2016;36(2):57789 doi 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2117-15.2016.
【蛋白|癌细胞竟学会“下毒”了！科学家首次发现黑色素瘤细胞分泌阿尔茨海默病“毒蛋白”，让星形胶质细胞促癌转移，并抑制小胶质细胞的吞噬功能】14. Wei Y, Chen T, Bosco DB, Xie M, Zheng J, Dheer A, et al. The complement C3C3aR pathway mediates microglia-astrocyte interaction following status epilepticus. Glia 2021;69(5):1155-69 doi 10.1002/glia.23955.